Partenaires et organisations internationales
(Anglais)
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Amstein & Waltert, Zurich,
Bureau d'Architectes Georges A. Meylan, Lausanne, University of Athens (coordinator),
Esbensen, Consulting engineers FIDIC, Virum (DK),
LASH/ENTPE, Vaux en Velin, (F), ECD Energy and Environmental Consultants, London (UK), Chalmers University of Technology AB, Gothenburg (S), Faculty of Architecture, Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, University of Florence, IBUS (D)
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Résumé des résultats (Abstract)
(Anglais)
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OFFICE is a research project investigating the possibilities of applying passive retrofitting techniques in office buildings in order to improve their energy performance and indoor working conditions. This investigation is based as well on audited and measured case studies as on simulations of retrofitting measures. The main products will be a handbook providing advice's for efficient retrofit and describing a rating methodology developed within this project, and a brochure presenting the case studies.
Swiss contribution
Case studies: Six building were shortly described according to standard format. The two buildings selected for Switzerland (Bern City West tower, and the LESO building) are audited, described, monitored, and reported. Past energy use was collected for both buildings on a monthly basis.
City West long term monitoring plan includes 11 temperature measurements at hourly intervals, started from April 1997 to may 1998. Other data, such as energy and water consumption, is recorded manually on a monthly or weekly basis. The LESO long term monitoring includes 111 measurement channels recorded at hourly intervals from April 1997 to May 1998.
Spot measurement related to air tightness of a facade element and performance of the air handling unit were performed on City West building and reported. On the LESO building, spot measurements included heat loss coefficient and air tightness of weak envelope elements.
The retrofit plan is defined and reported for both buildings. Simplified and dynamic thermal simulations were performed to quantify the improvements gained from retrofit measures and scenarios. Some simulations results are compared with measurements to ensure that the models used for simulation correspond with reality.
Handbook and brochure: EPFL was in charge of several chapters of a design handbook addressing retrofit of office buildings. All chapters are now drafted and edited by ECD (London). This handbook should be published in 1999 by James and James publishers, London, together with the brochure prepared by University of Florence, in which all case studies are described in details, together with results from simulations and measurements.
Rating methodology. A multicriteria rating methodology was developed jointly by EPFL and University of Athens. This methodology includes two complementary methods: a ranking method, based on the ELECTRE family algorithms, as well as a rating method based on principal component analysis. The aim of these methods is to rate or rank office buildings or retrofit scenarios according to an extended list of parameters, including:
· energy use for heating, cooling and other appliances;
· impact on external environment;
· indoor environment quality;
· cost.
Typical applications of such a methodology are to determine if a retrofit scenario is globally better than another one, for a given building, or to select, among an ensemble of buildings, those requiring an urgent action.
Perspective: The feasibility of using multicriteria analysis in retrofit planning is now shown. The ranking method will be implemented in the TOBUS tool, now being developed in another Joule-Thermie project. This will allow the comparison of the effectiveness of various retrofit scenarios not only on one criterion (such as cost, energy, or comfort) but taking account of several criteria together.
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