The project analyses how the Swiss population perceives the fairness of steering taxes in the energy sector. Foremost, it examines how distributional effects of carbon taxes are perceived. It focuses on carbon taxes on heating and transport fuel as well as kerosine. To that end, quantitative and qualitative methods are employed. In a first population survey, on the one hand, perceptions on distributional justice norms are elicited. On the other hand, the impact of distributional effects on the perception of fairness is measured experimentally. In the second population survey, the impact of information and know-how on the perception of fairness is analysed in a survey experiment. Both surveys aim to identify sub-groups within the population, who exhibit a similar perception pattern. After the quantitative survey, there will be focus groups and workshops to validate results and provide conclusions for the energy policy’s advancement. The project is currently between the concept and its implementation phase. The first population survey is fully prepared and will be deployed in the first quarter of 2024.