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Research unit
FSVO
Project number
1.18.10
Project title
Prevalence and identification of critical points for transmission of multidrug-resistant bacteria in small ani-mal clinics - towards evidence-based guidelines for infection prevention and control

Texts for this project
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Key words
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CategoryText
Key words
(German)

Multiresistente Bakterien, Trägerschaft, Kontamination, Resistenzgene, Risikofaktoren, Hygienestandards, Hygie-nekonzepte, molekulare Typisierung

Key words
(English)

Multidrug-resistant bacteria, colonization, contamination, resistance genes, risk factors, infection prevention and control standards, hygiene concepts, molecular typing

Short description
(German)

Die intensivmedizinische Versorgung von Haustieren und deren enger Kontakt zum Menschen bergen das Risiko der Selektion und zoonotischen Übertragung von multiresistenten Organismen (MDRO) wie Methicillin-resistente Staphy-lococcus aureus (MRSA), Methicillin-resistente S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and Colistin-resistente, Breitspektrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) und Carbapenemase produzierende (CP) Enterobacteriaceae. Auch treten neue MDRO wie Macrococcus canis auf. Bisher liegen wenige Daten zur Prävalenz von MDRO Trägerschaft bei Haustieren in der Schweiz vor und Evidenz-basierte Infektionspräventionskonzepte für Kleintierkliniken und -praxen sind kaum etabliert.

Das Projekt hat zum Ziel

1) Prävalenz und Risikofaktoren für MDRO Trägerschaft und die Rolle von veterinärmedizinischen Einrichtungen als Ursprung von MDRO Trägerschaft bei Haustieren, tierärztlichem Personal und Besitzern zu untersuchen.

2) Aktuelle Hygienestandards in Haustierarzt- und Überweisungspraxen zu erfassen und Evidenz-basierte Infektions-präventionskonzepte zu entwickeln.

3) Unser Wissen zur Prävalenz, antimikrobiellen Resistenz und Verbreitung von Macrococcus spp. bei Haustieren und Kontaktpersonen zu erweitern.

Short description
(English)

Intensive medical care of companion animals and their close contact to people poses a risk for the selection and zoon-otic transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP), colistin-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). Additionally, novel MDROs like Macrococcus canis are emerging. The prevalence of MDRO carriage in companion animals in Switzerland is largely unknown and infection prevention and control (IPC) concepts to prevent MDRO transmission in small animal practice are lacking.

The present project aims to

1) Investigate the prevalence and risk factors for MDRO carriage and the role of veterinary clinics as a source of MDRO acquisition in companion animals, veterinary personnel and owners.

2) Assess current standards in IPC in first and second opinion veterinary practices and develop evidence-based hy-giene concepts.

3) Gain knowledge on the prevalence, antibiotic resistance and spread of Macrococcus spp. in small animals and contact persons.

Project aims
(English)

Part 1: Prevalence, duration and risk factors for MDRO carriage in dogs, cats and contact persons

1. Assess the prevalence of MDRO colonization in dogs and cats at admission and discharge and the rate of MDRO acquisition during hospitalisation at two referral hospitals and 5 small animal practices in Switzerland.

2. Assess the prevalence and duration of MDRO colonization in owners of MDRO-positive animals and identify animal and human-related factors associated with MDRO carriage.

3. Trace possible transmission events of genotypically similar MDRO.

Part 2: Development of evidence-based IPC concepts

1. Assess current IPC standards and prevalence of MDRO carriage in veterinary personnel in small animal clinics and practices in Switzerland.

2. Identify in-hospital factors including duration of stay, treatment and types of medical interventions as well as critical contact areas and settings associated with MDRB acquisition.

3. Develop and disseminate evidence-based IPC concepts for veterinary practices and hospitals.

Part 3: Identification and characterization of antibiotic resistance mechanisms and genotyping of MDRO

1. Characterize antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and/or mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in third-3rd generation cephalosporin- and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, MRSA, MRSP and MRCoNS from humans and animals.

2. Determine clonality between strains of the same species.

3. Gain knowledge on the prevalence, antibiotic resistance and spread of Macrococcus spp. in small animals and contact persons.

4. Identify resistance mechanisms and mobile genetic elements in Macrococcus spp.

Abstract
(German)
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Abstract
(English)
Related documents
Publications / Results
(German)
Related documents
URL-addresses
(German)