“Hairy or crazy root disease” (HRD) is characterized by extensive root proliferation and occurs on several dicotyledonous plants, among which many economically important crops. Since the early 1990s, hydroponically grown cucumber plants, and later tomato crops and eggplants, have been affected by the disease, causing substantial economic losses. HRD is a rapidly spreading disease, with an increased prevalence in several European countries. In addition, HRD is a highly persistent disease because rhizogenic Agrobacteria can form biofilms around plant roots and in the irrigation system. Biofilms are difficult to remove because they provide a niche where microbes are protected against disinfectants. Therefore, high concentrations of chemicals are required to remove biofilm. Moreover, several chemicals are converted to toxic by-products, which has led to the awareness that the use of chemical biocides should be replaced or reduced. Therefore, there is clearly a need for integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to control HRD, especially because of (i) the rapid spread and high persistence of this disease; (ii) the current lack of sustainable and effective plant protection products; and (iii) the economic losses associated. IPM takes advantage of all appropriate pest management options, with minimum use of chemical pesticides.
The main objective of this project is to develop long-term sustainable IPM solutions allowing to reduce the problems attributed to HRD. To achieve this, a holistic approach will be adopted, in which plant cultivation, irrigation system (biofilm), and the plant microflora are included. Specific scientific objectives and expected outcomes include the development of a reliable monitoring tool for rapid detection of HRD, screening for new biocontrol organisms, evaluation of novel anti-biofilm compounds, and new cultivation techniques to reduce disease symptoms. In addition, a close interaction with stakeholders at a transnational level will be established. The project will work to raise awareness in the target group will be risen and growers and advisors will be informed regarding IPM strategies.
