The study consists of two different objectives and provides first (but not representative) baseline data to estimate the occurrence of mcr-1 harbouring Enterobacteriaceae in the human population in Switzerland and in selected clinical isolates at the primary care and hospital level. Moreover, based on molecular characterization data of the isolates, an improved understanding of the epidemiology and spreading potential of mcr-1 harbouring Enterobacteriaceae will be provided.