Kurzbeschreibung
(Deutsch)
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Der wachsende Anteil von fluktuierender erneuerbarer Stromerzeugung (Photovoltaik, Wind) macht Massnahmen zur Netzstabilisierung nötig. In diesem Zusammenhang können dezentrale biogene Wärmekraftkoppelungsanlagen (WKK) eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Die Entwicklung eines WKK-Schwarm-Modells gestützt auf geographische Daten zu Energie-quellen und –Verteilung soll das Potential für Schweizer Regionen zeigen.
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Kurzbeschreibung
(Englisch)
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An increasing share of fluctuating renewable electricity production (photovoltaic, wind) asks for grid stabilising measures. Decentralised biogenic combined heat and power (CHP) plants could play a significant role in this context. The develop-ment of a CHP swarm model based on geographical distributed information about energy sources and transmission infra-structure allows assessing the potential of this concept for Swiss regions.
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Schlussbericht
(Englisch)
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Project CHPswarm investigated the role, Combined Heat and Power (CHP) or cogeneration may play in the future Swiss energy system. CHP refers to an energy conversion process, producing both useful heat and electricity (or mechanical work) at the same time. In principle, any energy converter could form the heart of a CHP system. For reasons discussed at a later point in this report, this project only considered gas-fired internal combustion engines. The primary interest were the energy systemic potentials of a whole swarm of distributed, local CHP plants, under the premise that biogenic resources are the only admissible fuel sources (i.e. no natural gas).
To that end, a set of detailed, regional case-studies was combined with energy-economic modelling on the national level. The case-studies investigated the biomethane production potentials within the boundaries of the study region. Then, softly coupled simulations of the swarm, the buildings and industrial processes they provide with heat and the electric grid were run to explore the technical feasibility of installing such a swarm in detailed. Finally, on the national level, the competitiveness with respect to other technologies such as combined cycle gas-turbines (CCGTs) were explored in energy economic scenarios.
On the example of the case-study of Lucerne, it was shown that a swarm consuming all the biogenic resources in the canton can provide on the order of 100 MW of electrical power and around 19 % of the heat-demand of those buildings connected to the gas-grid. Even though the operation units were operated completely agnostically of the state of the electric grid (i.e. local bottlenecks), no capacity constraints in the grid were exceeded at any time. This held true also for larger swarms, consuming more than the estimated biogenic potential. The economic analysis revealed that CHPPs are to play an important role if natural gas prices become high, or climate policies very stringent. Otherwise, they mostly complement other assets in the heat, electricity and grid services markets, with main competitors primarily being other renewables, CCGTs, heat-pumps and hydropower.
Auftragnehmer/Contractant/Contraente/Contractor:
ETH Zürich, Institut für Kartographie und Geoinformation – GIE
ETH Zürich, Institut für Energietechnik – LAV
ETH Zürich, Forschungsstelle Energienetze – FEN
Autorschaft/Auteurs/Autori/Authors:
Vögelin,Philipp
Buffat,René
Beccuti,Giovanni
Panos,Evangelos
Georges,Gil
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