Canine distemper virus epidemic in Swiss wildife: epidemiological investigations and assessment of the risk of infection for domestic dogs

• Unité de recherche: OSAV
• Numéro de projet: 1.11.17
• Titre du projet anglais: Canine distemper virus epidemic in Swiss wildife: epidemiological investigations and assessment of the risk of infection for domestic dogs

Mots-clé (Allemand)

Staupe, Morbillivirus, Wildtiere, Hund, Schweiz, interspezifische Übertragung, Virologie, Epidemiologie

Mots-clé (Anglais)

Canine Distemper, Morbillivirus, wildlife, domestic dog, Switzerland, spillover, virology, epidemiology

Description succincte (Allemand)

Im Frühling 2009 hat eine Staupe-Epizootie die Schweiz erreicht, der bereits viele Rotfüchse (Vulpes vulpes) und Dachse (Meles meles) zum Opfer gefallen sind. Die rasche Ausbreitung des Erregers und die hohe Morbidität und Mortalität, die sich bei Wildtieren beobachten lässt, deuten auf ein hoch virulentes Pathogen hin, das verschiedene Tierarten infizieren kann. Die aktuelle Staupe-Epizootie bei freilebenden Wildkarnivoren, führt wegen dem potentiellen Risiko einer Übertragung auf Hunde zu einer zunehmenden Beunruhigung vieler Hundehaltern. Es besteht deshalb die Notwendigkeit, bessere Kenntnisse über den Erreger und das vorhandene Risiko einer Infektion für die Hundepopulation zu gewinnen. In diesem Projekt schlagen wir Untersuchungen vor, , die wichtige epidemiologische und virologische Daten liefern werden, die notwendig sind, um das Publikum sachlich zu informieren, das Risiko für Haustiere abzuschätzen, und Management-Empfehlungen zu formulieren.

Description succincte (Anglais)

An outbreak of a canine distemper has reached Switzerland in the spring of 2009, affecting large numbers of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and Eurasian badgers (Meles meles). The rapid spread of the virus and the high morbidity and mortality observed in wildlife indicate the presence a very virulent pathogen, which is infecting multiple carnivore hosts. The actual outbreak of distemper in wild carnivores living in habitats overlapping with those of pets, and the increasing concern of dog owners about the potential risk for their companions, calls for investigations in order to determine the nature of the infectious agent and to assess the risks that it might represent to the domestic dog community. In this project, we propose to perform a series of investigations, which will provide important epidemiological and virological information that are essential to properly inform the public about the disease, to assess the risk for domestic pets, and to establish management recommendations.

Objectifs du projet (Anglais)

(1) To describe the disease and better understand its epizootiology:

• confirmation of the diagnosis of a CDV infection by molecular methods
• characteristics of the affected animals (age, sex, origin)
• geographical spread
• pathological lesions associated with the CDV infection
• occurrence of concomitant infection potentially favoring the development of a disease condition

(2) To isolate, clone, sequence and characterize the virus in order to document his relatedness to known strains already described in wildlife and dogs, and assess the potential for a spillover from wild to sympatric domestic carnivores.

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Publications / Résultats (Anglais)

Origgi, F.C.; Plattet, P.; Sattler, U.; Robert, N.; Casaubon, J.; Mavrot, F.; Pewsner, M.; Wu, N.; Giovannini, S.; Oevermann, A.; Stoffel, M.H.; Gaschen, V; Segner, H; Ryser-Degiorgis, M-P. (2012) Emergence of canine distemper virus strains with modified molecular signature and enhanced neuronal tropism leading to high mortality in wild carnivores. Vet Pathol. 49: 913-29, 2013 CL Davis Foundation Journal award

Ader, N.; Brindley M.A.; Avila, M; Origgi, F.C.; Langedijk, J.P.; Orvell, C.; Vandevelde, M.; Zurbriggen, A.; Plemper, RK.; Plattet, P. (2012) Structural rearrangements of the central region of the morbillivirus attachment protein stalk domain trigger F protein refolding for membrane fusion. J Biol Chem. 287:16324-34.

Origgi, F.C.; Sattler, U.; Pilo, P.; Waldvogel, A. Fatal combined infection with canine distemper virus and orthopoxvirus in a group of Asian marmots (Marmota caudata). Vet Pathol. 50:914-920.

Wiener, D.J.; Welle, M.M.; Origgi, F.C. (2013) Cutaneous Lesions Associated with Dual Infection Caused by Canine distemper virus and orthopoxvirus in a domestic cat. Vet Dermathol. 24:543-e130.

Sattler, U. et al (2014) Identification of amino acid substitutions with compensational effects in the attachment protein of canine distemper virus. J Virol. 88:8057-64.

Documents annexés

• 1.11.17 DB [PDF] 13 kB

Adresses URL (Allemand)

1.11.17 Ryser Staupevirus-Epidemie bei freilebenden Wildtieren in der Schweiz: Epidemiologische Unt…