Schlüsselwörter
(Englisch)
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ACC; attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); children; electorencephalography (EEG); neurofeedback (NFB); tomographic NFB; resting EEG; power; frequency bands; theta; beta; standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography
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Forschungsprogramme
(Englisch)
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COST-Action B27 - Electric Neuronal Oscillations and Cognition (ENOC)
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Kurzbeschreibung
(Englisch)
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We will use a new neurofeedback (NFB) technique to treat children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The training will allow them to normalize their brain activity in those specific brain regions which are functionally impaired in ADHD. The intracerebral activity in these brain regions is estimated for on-line feedback from the multichannel scalp EEG using LORETA (low resolution electric tomography).
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Weitere Hinweise und Angaben
(Englisch)
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Full name of research-institution/enterprise: Universität Zürich Psychologisches Institut, Neuropsychologie BIN 4.D.06
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Partner und Internationale Organisationen
(Englisch)
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AT, BG, CH, DE, DK, EE, ES, FR, HR, IE, IL, IT, LT, MK, NO, PL, RS, SI, TR, UK
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Abstract
(Englisch)
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has repeatedly been associated with dysfunctions in fronto-striatal networks involved in state regulation, attention, response control, error processing and time estimation. Training state regulation and reducing task-related neurophysiological abnormalities through neurofeedback (NFB) provides a sound rationale for a sustainable nonpharmacological treatment of ADHD. Advanced self regulation of the specific brain regions involved in deviant state control and attention is a particularly promising NFB treatment for ADHD. NFB is based on operant conditioning and neuroscientific principles. It draws on the plasticity of the affected control systems, and has been demonstrated to induce long term clinical improvements paralleled by partial normalisation of the affected brain states and functions. The aim of this project was to evaluate a sLORETA (standardized low resolution electromagnetic tomography) based tomographic neurofeedback (tNFB) technique as a novel biofeedback (BFB) treatment for ADHD. This advanced NFB technique aims to control and normalise intracerebral activity in specific brain regions affected in ADHD using on-line tomography computed from multichannel scalp electroencephalogram (EEG). Compared to conventional NFB and a muscular (EMG) BFB control condition, tNFB was expected to be more efficient. Outcomes were assessed using established ADHD scales, neuropsychological tests, plus resting EEG and task-related eventralated potential (ERP) imaging. We hypothesised that region specific NFB training substantially mitigates ADHD behaviour. In addition, continuous EEG normalisation in the target region, and neurophysiological improvements in deviant ERP components in ADHD related with error and performance monitoring and evaluation, as well as motor preparation was expected. In order to test whether our new training procedure was beneficial for the patients a randomised pre post design was used. Children with ADHD were randomly assigned to one of three training groups. Group 1 used the tNFB, group 2 the classical Cz NFB and Group 3 a muscle BFB training. Instead of a placebo training, our control group trained muscle regulation as a meaningful treatment for ADHD. In addition to behavioural improvements, first results indicate a tendency toward improvement of the preparation-related CNV (contingent negative variation, an preparatory ERP component) after tNFB training. Although we could not find consistent theta/beta abnormalities in ADHD compared to healthy control subjects, NFB seemed to normalise the tomographically estimated intracerebral theta/beta activity on an individual basis. The specificity and effectivity of this advanced technique remains to be further related to training performance and outcome, and compared to other biofeedback treatments.
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Datenbankreferenzen
(Englisch)
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Swiss Database: COST-DB of the State Secretariat for Education and Research Hallwylstrasse 4 CH-3003 Berne, Switzerland Tel. +41 31 322 74 82 Swiss Project-Number: C06.0071
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