The project aims at providing basic information on the sustainable use of hardwoods in two selected regions in Madagascar and preparing a support document for the listing of rosewood and ebony in CITES appendix III by filling important gaps in existing forest mapping and involving authorities and local communities concerning the management of precious hardwood. The geographic focus is laid on two areas dedicated by the Water and Forest authority for sustainable forestry management. Illegal timber export in Madagascar is high and recent interest from foreign investors in legally and sustainably produced timber will help to build political momentum to better regulate exploitation and trade.