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Unité de recherche
OFAC
Numéro de projet
2002-2
Titre du projet
Aircraft Piston Engine Emissions
Titre du projet anglais
Aircraft Piston Engine Emissions

Textes relatifs à ce projet

 AllemandFrançaisItalienAnglais
Mots-clé
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Description succincte
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Objectifs du projet
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Résumé des résultats (Abstract)
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Mise en oeuvre et application
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Publications / Résultats
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Textes saisis


CatégorieTexte
Mots-clé
(Allemand)
BAZL Emissionszertifizierung Emissionsdaten AVGAS Flugbenzin Partikelemissionen Nanopartikel Flugzeug Kolbenmotoren Luftfahrtemissionen Umweltoptimierung Flugverfahren Pilotenweiterbildung
Mots-clé
(Anglais)
FOCA Emission Certification Emissions data Aircraft Piston Engine Emissions AVGAS Nanoparticles particles environmental optimisation pilot education
Description succincte
(Anglais)
There is currently no ICAO certification scheme on emission for piston and turboprop engines and jet engines with less than 26.7kN thrust . Therefore they are the so called "unregulated engines".
Today, there is only few data available for piston engine and small jet engines. There is a need to "fill these black holes", particularly for the issue of the protection of the environment. In autumn 2002 Swiss FOCA (Federal Office for Civil Aviation) inititated a project called ECERT (Emission Certification). The main goals of this project are:

- Development of a measurement technique for piston engine emission, considering the fact that exhaust gas measurement technology has had a strong development in the last couple of years. Compact equipment designed for automotive engine emission measurement at relatively high accuracy has now become available and affordable.

- Getting absolute emission data of a variety of piston engines (and small (helicopter) jet engines at a later step).

- Comparison of ground and in flight measurements.

- Development of a methodology for emission certificaton of piston engines (and small (helicopter) jet engines at a later step) at reasonable expense.
Objectifs du projet
(Anglais)
- Development of a measurement technique for piston engine emission, considering the fact that exhaust gas measurement technology has had a strong development in the last couple of years. Compact equipment designed for automotive engine emission measurement at relatively high accuracy has now become available and affordable.

- Getting absolute emission data of a variety of piston engines (and small (helicopter) jet engines at a later step).

- Comparison of ground and in flight measurements.

- Development of a methodology for emission certificaton of piston engines (and small (helicopter) jet engines at a later step) at reasonable expense.
Résumé des résultats (Abstract)
(Anglais)

According to Swiss aviation law (SR 748.0, LFG Art. 58), emissions from all engine powered aircraft have to be evaluated and tested. The legal requirement also incorporates aircraft engines that are currently unregulated and do not have an ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) emission certification – like piston, helicopter, turboprop and small jet engines. Emissions data are necessary for emission and immission inventory purposes as well as for issues directly related to environmental protection.

Today, there are only few emissions data available for aircraft piston engines. Therefore, Swiss FOCA (Federal Office of Civil Aviation) started with in-flight emission measurements of piston engine powered aircraft.

First results showed that the still predominant "old technology" aircraft piston engines developed in the 50ies and 60ies can produce CO and HC emissions in the magnitude of modern standard airliners during landing and take-off, although the fuel consumption is not significant compared to airliners. Manual air-fuel mixture control during flight, commonly used for aircraft piston engines, adds a particular degree of complexity to emission measurements and with portable emission measurement systems, it was possible to properly investigate real world emissions performance.

As a result of successful in-flight emission tests, a standardized ground measurement methodology has been developed. Emissions data of a variety of aircraft piston engines are now openly available.

Mise en oeuvre et application
(Anglais)

Application of the aircraft piston engine emissions study:

- In-field emission measurements of aircraft piston engines.

- Calculation and estimation of aircraft piston engine emissions, both in the vicinity of airports and during cruise.

- Pilots education: Reduction of fuel consumption and emissions and safe handling of aircraft piston engines.

- Numbers and figures which prove the benefits from use of unleaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS UL).

- Numbers and figures which prove the benefits of FADEC systems and more modern aircraft piston engine concepts for emissions reduction.

Publications / Résultats
(Allemand)

Die Publikation kann unter folgendem Link herunter geladen werden:

http://www.bazl.admin.ch/fachleute/01169/01174/index.html?lang=de

Publications / Résultats
(Anglais)
Publications / Résultats
(Français)