Partner und Internationale Organisationen
(Englisch)
|
A, B, CZ, D, FIN, F, D, GR, H, I, LV, NL, N, PL, E, S, CH, GB
|
Abstract
(Englisch)
|
The main objective of COST Action 342 is to produce guidelines in order to increase the available knowledge on best practice in parking management and in parking policies and their effect on mobility and the economy. These guidelines will contain information, including examples of case studies, on the effect of the various management measures and policies. Another important objective of this Action is the dissemination of the knowledge gained through the organisation of international and national workshops, technical visits, participation in congresses etc.Within the framework of this COST Action, in which Ecoplan (represented by René Neuenschwander) fulfils functions of co-ordination and representing Switzerland, the Swiss BBW decided to financially support the core scientific work of the action, namely the writing up of a national parking policy inventory (National Overview) and five regional parking policy case studies. Both these documents have been published during the year 2001.All five case studies deal with different innovative approaches to parking policy issues in different regions and set-ups in Switzerland. The effects of such parking policy measures on mobility and the economy are taken into consideration as far as possible. The five case studies are: CASE STUDIES (FALLSTUDIEN) As in many other European countries, parking policy in Switzerland is subject to change: In the 1960s and 70s the main goal of parking policy was to provide a sufficient amount of parking space to meet the rising demand. Environmental damages, congestion and the growing scarcity of open space have led to a rethink in recent years. Starting from the latest findings that the amount of free parking places is a main determinant for road traffic, experts now propose reductions of available parking places and improved parking management as appropriate measures in order to slow down traffic growth.The five case studies all deal with different innovative approaches to parking policy issues in different regions and set-ups in Switzerland. The effects of such parking policy measures on mobility and the economy are taken into consideration as far as possible. Case study 1 (Parking policy of the city of Bern/Ecoplan) will discuss the parking policy of the city of Bern as a whole, thereby presenting the different measures taken, imbedding them in the whole transport policy of the city, and assessing as far as possible the impacts on traffic volume and modal split, on the environment as well as on the local economy. Case study 2 (Parking fee policy of the city of Zurich/Abay & Meier) focuses on the parking fee policy of the city of Zurich. The measure focused on in this case study is the rise of parking fees in Zurich's city centre in 1994. The measure itself will be described in detail, as well as the causes that led to this measure. Political targets, public acceptance and its effects on traffic plans and other political actions will be discussed. The case study provides information on the impact on mobility (modal split and traffic volume) and local economy caused by the parking fee measure. In case study 3 (Parking and Access Policy in Swiss Development Areas - The cases of Zurich North and Siemens Zug/Synergo), an innovative approach for parking regulations concerning large new development areas is discussed. Instead of fixing a minimum or maximum number of parking lots, a maximum number of accesses to the whole area is defined. This approach allows the landowner to regulate the use of the parking lots directly with the companies or inhabitants who settle in the area. Since this area is still under construction, no ex-post analysis can be given at the moment. Case study 4 (Parking policy in the canton of Thurgau/Büro Widmer) deals with the recent introduction of parking fees for all governmental facilities (administration, hospitals, colleges, museums etc.) in this rural canton. In this case study the effects on travel behaviour (mode choice, number of trips, duration of stay etc.) of employees and visitors are examined. In Case study 5 (Parking policy for leisure traffic/Dr. Ruedi Meier), the author examines the state-of-the-art and future possibilities of parking policy measures in Swiss winter sports resorts. Due to the large amount of motorized individual transport involved, day-trippers generate a number of negative side effects. The study presents several approaches of parking policy measures that should help to shift leisure traffic from private motor to public transport. Interviews with tourists and operators give an idea of expected changes in behaviour as a reaction to these measures.
|
